The ginsenoside Rk3 exerts anti-esophageal cancer activity in vitro and in vivo by mediating apoptosis and autophagy through regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway

• Huanhuan Liu,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China, Biotech.&Biomed, Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi’an, China

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• Jiaqi Zhao,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation

  Affiliation School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China

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• Rongzhan Fu,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources

  Affiliations Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China, Biotech.&Biomed, Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi’an, China

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• Chenhui Zhu ,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: zch@nwu.edu.cn (CZ); fandaidi@nwu.edu.cn (DF)

  Affiliations Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China, Biotech.&Biomed, Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi’an, China

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7452-2288

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• Daidi Fan

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Validation

  * E-mail: zch@nwu.edu.cn (CZ); fandaidi@nwu.edu.cn (DF)

  Affiliations Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China, Biotech.&Biomed, Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi’an, China

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