Why is heartache associated with sadness? Sadness is represented by specific physical pain through verbal knowledge

• Mariko Shirai ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Mariko Shirai, Takahiro Soshi

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: m.shirai218@gmail.com

  Affiliation Department of Psychology, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, JAPAN

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2650-252X

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• Takahiro Soshi

  Contributed equally to this work with: Mariko Shirai, Takahiro Soshi

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Graduate School of Frontiers Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, JAPAN

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