Mendelian randomization evaluation of causal effects of fibrinogen on incident coronary heart disease

• Cavin K. Ward-Caviness ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: ward-caviness.cavin@epa.gov

  Affiliation Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6322-4349

  ⨯
• Paul S. de Vries,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Software, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America

  ⨯
• Kerri L. Wiggins,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2749-1279

  ⨯
• Jennifer E. Huffman,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, United States of America, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Lisa R. Yanek,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-1075

  ⨯
• Lawrence F. Bielak,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

  ⨯
• Franco Giulianini,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Division of Preventative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Xiuqing Guo,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-5068

  ⨯
• Marcus E. Kleber,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliations Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0663-7275

  ⨯
• Tim Kacprowski,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Griefswald, Germany, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Research Group Computational Systems Medicine, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany

  ⨯
• Stefan Groß,

  Roles Formal analysis, Resources

  Affiliations DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald, Germany

  ⨯
• Astrid Petersman,

  Roles Resources

  Affiliation Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Medicine Griefswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald, Germany

  ⨯
• George Davey Smith,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology

  Affiliation Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-8314

  ⨯
• Fernando P. Hartwig,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology

  Affiliations Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3729-0710

  ⨯
• Jack Bowden,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology

  Affiliation Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Gibran Hemani,

  Roles Conceptualization, Methodology

  Affiliation Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Martina Müller-Nuraysid,

  Roles Resources

  Affiliations Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3793-5910

  ⨯
• Konstantin Strauch,

  Roles Resources, Supervision

  Affiliations Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany, Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany

  ⨯
• Wolfgang Koenig,

  Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

  ⨯
• Melanie Waldenberger,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision

  Affiliations Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany

  ⨯
• Thomas Meitinger,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources

  Affiliations DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany, Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany, Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

  ⨯
• Nathan Pankratz,

  Roles Formal analysis, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5958-693X

  ⨯
• Eric Boerwinkle,

  Roles Funding acquisition

  Affiliations Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, United States of America

  ⨯
• Weihong Tang,

  Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America

  ⨯
• Yi-Ping Fu,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliation Office of Biostatistics Research, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Andrew D. Johnson,

  Roles Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, United States of America, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Ci Song,

  Roles Resources, Software, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, United States of America, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Moniek P. M. de Maat,

  Roles Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CND, Netherlands

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7749-334X

  ⨯
• André G. Uitterlinden,

  Roles Resources, Supervision

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CN, Netherlands

  ⨯
• Oscar H. Franco,

  Roles Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-4929

  ⨯
• Jennifer A. Brody,

  Roles Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

  ⨯
• Barbara McKnight,

  Roles Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, WA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Yii-Der Ida Chen,

  Roles Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Bruce M. Psaty,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, WA, United States of America, Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, WA, United States of America, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Rasika A. Mathias,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Diane M. Becker,

  Roles Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Patricia A. Peyser,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9717-8459

  ⨯
• Jennifer A. Smith,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliation Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3575-5468

  ⨯
• Suzette J. Bielinski,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America

  ⨯
• Paul M. Ridker,

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Division of Preventative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Kent D. Taylor,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2756-4370

  ⨯
• Jie Yao,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Russell Tracy,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Vermont College of Medicine, Col Research Facility, Burlington, VT, United States of America

  ⨯
• Graciela Delgado,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision

  Affiliation Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany

  ⨯
• Stella Trompet,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision

  Affiliations Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CND, Netherlands, Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands

  ⨯
• Naveed Sattar,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Glasgow, United Kingdom

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1604-2593

  ⨯
• J. Wouter Jukema,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliation Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands

  ⨯
• Lewis C. Becker,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliations GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America

  ⨯
• Sharon L. R. Kardia,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliation Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

  ⨯
• Jerome I. Rotter,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliation Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Winfried März,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision

  Affiliations Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany, Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany, Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

  ⨯
• Marcus Dörr,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald, Germany

  ⨯
• Daniel I. Chasman,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliation Division of Preventative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Abbas Dehghan,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-016X

  ⨯
• Christopher J. O’Donnell,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliations Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, United States of America, Cardiology Section Administration, Boston VA Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Nicholas L. Smith,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision

  Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, WA, United States of America, Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, United States of America, Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veteran Affairs Office of Research and Development, Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, United States of America

  ⨯
• Annette Peters,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6645-0985

  ⨯
•  [ ... ],
• Alanna C. Morrison

  Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America

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