Confirmation of herbicide resistance mutations Trp574Leu, ΔG210, and EPSPS gene amplification and control of multiple herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) with chlorimuron-ethyl, fomesafen, and glyphosate

• Douglas J. Spaunhorst ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft

  * E-mail: Douglas.Spaunhorst@usda.gov

  Affiliation United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Sugarcane Research Unit, Houma, Louisiana, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9376-0196

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• Haozhen Nie,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation

  Affiliation Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

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• James R. Todd,

  Roles Formal analysis

  Affiliation United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Sugarcane Research Unit, Houma, Louisiana, United States of America

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• Julie M. Young,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

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• Bryan G. Young,

  Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

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• William G. Johnson

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

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