Modic changes—Their associations with low back pain and activity limitation: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

• Christofer Herlin,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Kiropraktor Kliniken Laurin, Malmö, Sweden

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• Per Kjaer,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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• Ansgar Espeland,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

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• Jan Sture Skouen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway

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• Charlotte Leboeuf-Yde,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations The Spine Center of Southern Denmark, Hospital Lillebælt, Middelfart, Denmark, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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• Jaro Karppinen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu, Finland

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• Jaakko Niinimäki,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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• Joan Solgaard Sørensen,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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• Kjersti Storheim,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Communication and Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Disorders (FORMI), Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway

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• Tue Secher Jensen

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: ts.jensen@nikkb.dk

  Affiliations The Spine Center of Southern Denmark, Hospital Lillebælt, Middelfart, Denmark, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7456-4306

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