Flight initiation by Ferruginous Hawks depends on disturbance type, experience, and the anthropogenic landscape

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Cameron J. Nordell ,

* E-mail: nordell@ualberta.ca

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6827

⨯
Troy I. Wellicome,

Affiliation Environment Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
⨯
Erin M. Bayne

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
⨯

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Bird flight
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