Pathological T3a Upstaging of Clinical T1 Renal Cell Carcinoma: Outcomes According to Surgical Technique and Predictors of Upstaging

• Seung-hwan Jeong,

  Affiliation Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

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• Jung Kwon Kim,

  Affiliation Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

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• Juhyun Park,

  Affiliation Department of Urology, Seoul Metropolitan Government—Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

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• Ho Joon Jeon,

  Affiliation Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

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• Min Young Yoon,

  Affiliation Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

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• Chang Wook Jeong,

  Affiliation Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

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• Ja Hyeon Ku,

  Affiliation Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

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• Hyeon Hoe Kim,

  Affiliation Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

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• Cheol Kwak

  * E-mail: mdrafael@snu.ac.kr

  Affiliation Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

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