Diversity in the Toll-Like Receptor Genes of the African Penguin (Spheniscus demersus)

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Desiré Lee Dalton ,

* E-mail: desire@nzg.ac.za

Affiliations Centre for Conservation Science, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa, Genetics Department, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
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Elaine Vermaak,

Affiliation Centre for Conservation Science, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
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Marli Roelofse,

Affiliation Centre for Conservation Science, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
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Antoinette Kotze

Affiliations Centre for Conservation Science, National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa, Genetics Department, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
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Penguins
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Toll-like receptors
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Population genetics
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Conservation genetics
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Species diversity
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Islands
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Birds
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Major histocompatibility complex
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