How Effective Have Thirty Years of Internationally Driven Conservation and Development Efforts Been in Madagascar?

• Patrick O. Waeber ,

  * E-mail: patrick.waeber@usys.ethz.ch

  Affiliations Forest Management and Development, Department of Environmental Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Madagascar Wildlife Conservation, Ambatondrazaka, Madagascar

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3229-0124

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• Lucienne Wilmé,

  Affiliations University of Antananarivo, School of Agronomy, Water and Forest Department, Antananarivo, Madagascar, Missouri Botanical Garden, Madagascar Research & Conservation Program, Antananarivo, Madagascar

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• Jean-Roger Mercier,

  Affiliation Independent Researcher, Saint-André, France

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• Christian Camara,

  Affiliation Missouri Botanical Garden, Madagascar Research & Conservation Program, Antananarivo, Madagascar

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• Porter P. Lowry II

  Affiliations Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa and Madagascar Program, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Institut de systématique, évolution, et biodiversité, Unité mixte de recherche 7205, Centre national de la recherche scientifique/Muséum national d’Histoire Naturelle/École pratique des hautes études, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France

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