Rapid Extraction and Identification of Maitotoxin and Ciguatoxin-Like Toxins from Caribbean and Pacific Gambierdiscus Using a New Functional Bioassay

• Richard J. Lewis ,

  * E-mail: r.lewis@imb.uq.edu.au

  Affiliation Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia

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• Marco Inserra,

  Affiliation Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia

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• Irina Vetter,

  Affiliation Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia

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• William C. Holland,

  Affiliation National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Research, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC, 28516, United States of America

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• D. Ransom Hardison,

  Affiliation National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Research, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC, 28516, United States of America

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• Patricia A. Tester,

  Affiliation National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Research, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC, 28516, United States of America

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• R. Wayne Litaker

  Affiliation National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Research, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC, 28516, United States of America

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