How Close is too Close? The Effect of a Non-Lethal Electric Shark Deterrent on White Shark Behaviour

• Ryan M. Kempster ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ryan M. Kempster, Channing A. Egeberg

  * E-mail: ryankempster@supportoursharks.com

  ¶‡ These authors are joint first authors on this work.

  Affiliation The Oceans Institute and the School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia

  ⨯
• Channing A. Egeberg ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Ryan M. Kempster, Channing A. Egeberg

  ¶‡ These authors are joint first authors on this work.

  Affiliation The Oceans Institute and the School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia

  ⨯
• Nathan S. Hart,

  Affiliations The Oceans Institute and the School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia, Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia

  ⨯
• Laura Ryan,

  Affiliation The Oceans Institute and the School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia

  ⨯
• Lucille Chapuis,

  Affiliation The Oceans Institute and the School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia

  ⨯
• Caroline C. Kerr,

  Affiliation The Oceans Institute and the School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia

  ⨯
• Carl Schmidt,

  Affiliation The Oceans Institute and the School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia

  ⨯
• Charlie Huveneers,

  Affiliation School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia

  ⨯
• Enrico Gennari,

  Affiliations Oceans Research, Mossel Bay, South Africa, South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, South Africa

  ⨯
• Kara E. Yopak,

  Affiliation The Oceans Institute and the School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia

  ⨯
• Jessica J. Meeuwig,

  Affiliation The Oceans Institute and the Centre for Marine Futures, School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia

  ⨯
• Shaun P. Collin

  Affiliation The Oceans Institute and the School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia

  ⨯