Efficacy and Safety of ‘Fixed Dose’ versus ‘Loose’ Drug Regimens for Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Two High TB-Burden African Countries: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abraham Aseffa; Joseph N. Chukwu; Mahnaz Vahedi; Emmanuel N. Aguwa; Ahmed Bedru; Tesfamariam Mebrahtu; Oliver C. Ezechi; Getnet Yimer; Lawrence K. Yamuah; Girmay Medhin; Cathy Connolly; Wasima Rida; Getachew Aderaye; Alimuddin I. Zumla; Philip C. Onyebujoh; 4FDC Study Group

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157434

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Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Efficacy and Safety of ‘Fixed Dose’ versus ‘Loose’ Drug Regimens for Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Two High TB-Burden African Countries: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abraham Aseffa ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

* E-mail: aseffaa@gmail.com (AA); jnchukwu2003@yahoo.com (JNC); onyebujohp@who.int (PCO)

Affiliation Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), ALERT Compound, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Joseph N. Chukwu ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

* E-mail: aseffaa@gmail.com (AA); jnchukwu2003@yahoo.com (JNC); onyebujohp@who.int (PCO)

Affiliation German Leprosy and Tuberculosis Relief Association, Hill View, Enugu, Nigeria
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Mahnaz Vahedi ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), Avenue Appia, Geneva, Switzerland
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Emmanuel N. Aguwa ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
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Ahmed Bedru ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), ALERT Compound, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
⨯
Tesfamariam Mebrahtu ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), ALERT Compound, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
⨯
Oliver C. Ezechi ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Division of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
⨯
Getnet Yimer ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
⨯
Lawrence K. Yamuah ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), ALERT Compound, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
⨯
Girmay Medhin ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
⨯
Cathy Connolly ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3506-4915

⨯
Wasima Rida ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Biostatistics Consultant, Arlington, Virginia, United States of America
⨯
Getachew Aderaye ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
⨯
Alimuddin I. Zumla ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

Affiliation Division of Infection and Immunity, Centre for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
⨯
Philip C. Onyebujoh ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Abraham Aseffa, Joseph N. Chukwu, Mahnaz Vahedi, Emmanuel N. Aguwa, Ahmed Bedru, Tesfamariam Mebrahtu, Oliver C. Ezechi, Getnet Yimer, Lawrence K. Yamuah, Girmay Medhin, Cathy Connolly, Wasima Rida, Getachew Aderaye, Alimuddin I. Zumla, Philip C. Onyebujoh

* E-mail: aseffaa@gmail.com (AA); jnchukwu2003@yahoo.com (JNC); onyebujohp@who.int (PCO)

Affiliation World Health Organization, Inter-country Support Team for East and Southern Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe
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[ ... ],
4FDC Study Group

¶Membership of the 4FDC Study Group is provided in the Acknowledgments.
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Efficacy and Safety of ‘Fixed Dose’ versus ‘Loose’ Drug Regimens for Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Two High TB-Burden African Countries: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abraham Aseffa,
Joseph N. Chukwu,
Mahnaz Vahedi,
Emmanuel N. Aguwa,
Ahmed Bedru,
Tesfamariam Mebrahtu,
Oliver C. Ezechi,
Getnet Yimer,
Lawrence K. Yamuah,
Girmay Medhin

Published: June 20, 2016
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157434

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