Oligocene Termite Nests with In Situ Fungus Gardens from the Rukwa Rift Basin, Tanzania, Support a Paleogene African Origin for Insect Agriculture

• Eric M. Roberts ,

  * E-mail: eric.roberts@jcu.edu.au

  Affiliation Department of Earth and Oceans, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811 Australia

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• Christopher N. Todd,

  Affiliation Department of Earth and Oceans, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811 Australia

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• Duur K. Aanen,

  Affiliation Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Radix West, Building 107, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands

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• Tânia Nobre,

  Affiliation Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (ICAAM), Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002–554, Évora, Portugal

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• Hannah L. Hilbert-Wolf,

  Affiliation Department of Earth and Oceans, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811 Australia

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• Patrick M. O’Connor,

  Affiliations Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, 45701, United States of America, Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Studies, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, 45701, United States of America

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• Leif Tapanila,

  Affiliation Department of Geosciences and Idaho Museum of Natural History, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, 83209, United States of America

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• Cassy Mtelela,

  Affiliations Department of Earth and Oceans, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811 Australia, Department of Geology, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35052, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

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• Nancy J. Stevens

  Affiliations Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, 45701, United States of America, Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Studies, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, 45701, United States of America

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