Socially Driven Consistent Behavioural Differences during Development in Common Ravens and Carrion Crows

• Rachael Miller ,

  * E-mail: rachael.miller@univie.ac.at

  Affiliations Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Haidlhof Research Station, University of Vienna and University of Veterinary Medicine, Bad Vöslau, Austria

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• Kate L. Laskowski,

  Affiliation Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany

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• Martina Schiestl,

  Affiliations Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Haidlhof Research Station, University of Vienna and University of Veterinary Medicine, Bad Vöslau, Austria

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• Thomas Bugnyar,

  Affiliations Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Haidlhof Research Station, University of Vienna and University of Veterinary Medicine, Bad Vöslau, Austria

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• Christine Schwab

  Affiliations Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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