Infant Mortality Risk and Paternity Certainty Are Associated with Postnatal Maternal Behavior toward Adult Male Mountain Gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei)

• Stacy Rosenbaum ,

  * E-mail: srosenbaum@uchicago.edu

  Affiliation Department of Anthropology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Jean Paul Hirwa,

  Affiliation Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International, Musanze, Rwanda

  ⨯
• Joan B. Silk,

  Affiliations School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America, Institute for Human Origins, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America

  ⨯
• Linda Vigilant,

  Affiliation Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

  ⨯
• Tara S. Stoinski

  Affiliation Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

  ⨯