Housing and Social Environments of African (Loxodonta africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) Elephants in North American Zoos

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Cheryl L. Meehan ,

* E-mail: Cheryl.meehan@aware.institute

Affiliation AWARE Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
⨯
Jennifer N. Hogan,

Affiliation AWARE Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
⨯
Mary K. Bonaparte-Saller,

Affiliation Department of Animal Science and Center for Animal Welfare, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
⨯
Joy A. Mench

Affiliation Department of Animal Science and Center for Animal Welfare, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
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