Comparison of French and Worldwide Bacillus anthracis Strains Favors a Recent, Post-Columbian Origin of the Predominant North-American Clade

• Gilles Vergnaud ,

  * E-mail: gilles.vergnaud@u-psud.fr

  Affiliation Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France

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• Guillaume Girault,

  Affiliation Bacterial Zoonoses Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, Anses, University Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France

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• Simon Thierry,

  Affiliation Bacterial Zoonoses Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, Anses, University Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France

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• Christine Pourcel,

  Affiliation Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France

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• Nora Madani,

  Affiliation Bacterial Zoonoses Unit, Animal Health Laboratory, Anses, University Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France

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• Yann Blouin

  Current address: Department of Analytical Microbiology, DGA-Maitrise NRBC, Vert le Petit, France

  Affiliation Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris‐Sud, Université Paris‐Saclay, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France

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