The Cortisol Paradox of Trauma-Related Disorders: Lower Phasic Responses but Higher Tonic Levels of Cortisol Are Associated with Sexual Abuse in Childhood

• Inga Schalinski ,

  * E-mail: inga.schalinski@uni-konstanz.de

  Affiliation Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany

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• Thomas Elbert,

  Affiliation Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany

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• Susann Steudte-Schmiedgen,

  Affiliation Institute of Biological Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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• Clemens Kirschbaum

  Affiliation Institute of Biological Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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