Psychosocial Stress Increases Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity Independently from Plasma Noradrenaline Levels

• Liubov Petrakova,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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• Bettina K. Doering,

  Affiliation Department of Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany

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• Sabine Vits,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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• Harald Engler,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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• Winfried Rief,

  Affiliation Department of Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany

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• Manfred Schedlowski,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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• Jan-Sebastian Grigoleit

  * E-mail: jgrigoleit@salk.edu

  Affiliations Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, Laboratory of Neuronal Structure and Function, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America

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