Impaired Innate COPD Alveolar Macrophage Responses and Toll-Like Receptor-9 Polymorphisms

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Charles S. Berenson ,

* E-mail: berenson@buffalo.edu

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, 14215, United States of America
⨯
Ragina L. Kruzel,

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, 14215, United States of America
⨯
Catherine T. Wrona,

Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, 14215, United States of America
⨯
Manoj J. Mammen,

Affiliations Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, 14215, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Informatics, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, 14215, United States of America
⨯
Sanjay Sethi

Affiliation Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine, Buffalo, New York, 14215, United States of America
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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Alveolar macrophages
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Single nucleotide polymorphisms
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Toll-like receptors
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Cytokines
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Immune response
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Polymerase chain reaction
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Haemophilus influenzae
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