Maternal Smoking History Enhances the Expression of Placental Growth Factor in Invasive Trophoblasts at Early Gestation Despite Cessation of Smoking

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Akihiro Kawashima ,

* E-mail: kurobei343@mac.com

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Japan
⨯
Keiko Koide,

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Japan
⨯
Junichi Hasegawa,

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Japan
⨯
Tatsuya Arakaki,

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Japan
⨯
Shin Takenaka,

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Japan
⨯
Daisuke Maruyama,

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Japan
⨯
Ryu Matsuoka,

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Japan
⨯
Akihiko Sekizawa

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Japan
⨯

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Placental growth factor
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Gene expression
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Trophoblasts
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Pregnancy
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Smoking habits
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Preeclampsia
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Placenta
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Protein expression
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