Fecal Volatile Organic Ccompound Profiles from White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) as Indicators of Mycobacterium bovis Exposure or Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccination

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Randal S. Stahl ,

* E-mail: randal.s.stahl@aphis.usda.gov

Affiliation United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)-Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
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Christine K. Ellis,

Affiliation United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)-Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
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Pauline Nol,

Affiliation Wildlife Livestock Disease Investigations Team, USDA-APHIS-Veterinary Services-Science, Technology, and Analysis Services, National Veterinary Services Laboratory, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
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W. Ray Waters,

Affiliation Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
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Mitchell Palmer,

Affiliation Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
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Kurt C. VerCauteren

Affiliation United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)-Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
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Vaccination and immunization
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Mycobacterium bovis
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Principal component analysis
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Deer
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Linear discriminant analysis
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Bovine tuberculosis
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Vaccine development
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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