Cumulative Risk, Cumulative Outcome: A 20-Year Longitudinal Study

• Leslie Atkinson ,

  * E-mail: atkinson@psych.ryerson.ca

  Affiliation Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Joseph Beitchman,

  Affiliations Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Andrea Gonzalez,

  Affiliation McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

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• Arlene Young,

  Affiliation University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

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• Beth Wilson,

  Affiliation Social Planning Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Michael Escobar,

  Affiliation University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Vivienne Chisholm,

  Affiliation Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

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• Elizabeth Brownlie,

  Affiliations Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Jennifer E. Khoury,

  Affiliation Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Jaclyn Ludmer,

  Affiliation Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Vanessa Villani

  Affiliation Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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