Predicting Addictive Vulnerability: Individual Differences in Initial Responding to a Drug’s Pharmacological Effects

• Douglas S. Ramsay ,

  * E-mail: ramsay@uw.edu

  Affiliation Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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• Salwa Al-Noori,

  Affiliation Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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• Jason Shao,

  Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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• Brian G. Leroux,

  Affiliations Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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• Stephen C. Woods,

  Affiliation Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America

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• Karl J. Kaiyala

  Affiliation Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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