Slow Freezing, but Not Vitrification Supports Complete Spermatogenesis in Cryopreserved, Neonatal Sheep Testicular Xenografts

• Budhan S. Pukazhenthi ,

  * E-mail: pukazhenthib@si.edu

  Affiliation Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, Virginia, United States of America

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• Jennifer Nagashima,

  Affiliations Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, Virginia, United States of America, The Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America

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• Alexander J. Travis,

  Affiliations The Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America, Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America

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• Guilherme M. Costa,

  Affiliation Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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• Enrique N. Escobar,

  Affiliation Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences School of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Maryland-Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, United States of America

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• Luiz R. França,

  Affiliation Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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• David E. Wildt

  Affiliation Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, Virginia, United States of America

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