A Case-Control Study to Identify Risk Factors Associated with Avian Influenza Subtype H9N2 on Commercial Poultry Farms in Pakistan

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Mamoona Chaudhry ,

* E-mail: mamoona.chaudhry@gmail.com

Affiliation Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
⨯
Hamad B. Rashid,

Affiliation Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore, Pakistan
⨯
Michael Thrusfield,

Affiliation The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
⨯
Sue Welburn,

Affiliation Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
⨯
Barend MdeC. Bronsvoort

Affiliation The University of Edinburgh, Roslin Institute at the R(D)SVS, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
⨯

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Birds
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Livestock
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Poultry
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Medical risk factors
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Avian influenza
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Pakistan
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Retail
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Veterinary diseases
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