Polygonum cuspidatum and Its Active Components Inhibit Replication of the Influenza Virus through Toll-Like Receptor 9-Induced Interferon Beta Expression

• Chao-jen Lin ,

  ¶‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Children's Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Hui-Ju Lin ,

  ¶‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliations Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Ter-Hsin Chen ,

  ¶‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Yu-An Hsu,

  Affiliation Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Chin-San Liu,

  Affiliation Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Guang-Yuh Hwang ,

  * E-mail: gyhwang@thu.edu.tw (GYH); leiwan@mail.cmu.edu.tw (LW)

  Affiliation Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan

  ⨯
• Lei Wan

  * E-mail: gyhwang@thu.edu.tw (GYH); leiwan@mail.cmu.edu.tw (LW)

  Affiliations School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Department of Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

  ⨯