Betaine and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide as Predictors of Cardiovascular Outcomes Show Different Patterns in Diabetes Mellitus: An Observational Study

• Michael Lever ,

  * E-mail: michael.lever@otago.ac.nz

  Affiliations Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand, Department of Pathology, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Peter M. George,

  Affiliations Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand, Department of Pathology, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Sandy Slow,

  Affiliations Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand, Department of Pathology, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• David Bellamy,

  Affiliation Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Joanna M. Young,

  Affiliation The Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Markus Ho,

  Affiliation Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Christopher J. McEntyre,

  Affiliation Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Jane L. Elmslie,

  Affiliation Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Wendy Atkinson,

  Affiliation Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Sarah L. Molyneux,

  Affiliation Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Richard W. Troughton,

  Affiliation The Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Christopher M. Frampton,

  Affiliation The Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• A. Mark Richards,

  Affiliation The Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

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• Stephen T. Chambers

  Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand

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