Widespread Pyrethroid and DDT Resistance in the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles funestus in East Africa Is Driven by Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms

• Charles Mulamba,

  Affiliations Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda

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• Jacob M. Riveron,

  Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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• Sulaiman S. Ibrahim,

  Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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• Helen Irving,

  Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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• Kayla G. Barnes,

  Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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• Louis G. Mukwaya,

  Affiliation Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda

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• Josephine Birungi,

  Affiliation Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda

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• Charles S. Wondji

  * E-mail: c.s.wondji@liverpool.ac.uk

  Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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