Strategic Focus on 3R Principles Reveals Major Reductions in the Use of Animals in Pharmaceutical Toxicity Testing

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Elin Törnqvist,

Affiliations Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Former AstraZeneca R&D, Södertälje, Sweden
⨯
Anita Annas,

Affiliation Former AstraZeneca R&D, Södertälje, Sweden
⨯
Britta Granath,

Affiliations Former AstraZeneca R&D, Södertälje, Sweden, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
⨯
Elisabeth Jalkesten,

Affiliations Former AstraZeneca R&D, Södertälje, Sweden, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
⨯
Ian Cotgreave,

Affiliations Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Former AstraZeneca R&D, Södertälje, Sweden, Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center, Södertälje, Sweden
⨯
Mattias Öberg

* E-mail: mattias.oberg@ki.se

Affiliations Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center, Södertälje, Sweden
⨯

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