Sex Differences in Wild Chimpanzee Behavior Emerge during Infancy

• Elizabeth V. Lonsdorf ,

  * E-mail: Elizabeth.lonsdorf@fandm.edu

  Affiliations Department of Psychology and Biological Foundations of Behavior Program, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

  ⨯
• A. Catherine Markham,

  Affiliation Center for the Advanced Study of Hominid Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America

  ⨯
• Matthew R. Heintz,

  Affiliations Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

  ⨯
• Karen E. Anderson,

  Affiliation Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

  ⨯
• David J. Ciuk,

  Affiliation Department of Government, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  ⨯
• Jane Goodall,

  Affiliation The Jane Goodall Institute, Vienna, Virginia, United States of America

  ⨯
• Carson M. Murray

  Affiliation Center for the Advanced Study of Hominid Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America

  ⨯