Ambient Air Pollution Associated with Suppressed Serologic Responses to Pneumocystis jirovecii in a Prospective Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients with Pneumocystis Pneumonia

• Robert J. Blount ,

  * E-mail: robert.blount@ucsf.edu

  Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• Kpandja Djawe,

  Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Environmental Health, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

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• Kieran R. Daly,

  Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

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• Leah G. Jarlsberg,

  Affiliation Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• Serena Fong,

  Affiliation HIV/AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• John Balmes,

  Affiliations Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America

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• Robert F. Miller,

  Affiliations Research Department of Infection and Population Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Healthcare, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

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• Peter D. Walzer,

  Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Environmental Health, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

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• Laurence Huang,

  Affiliations Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, HIV/AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

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• on behalf of the International HIV-associated Opportunistic Pneumonias (IHOP) Study.