Nutrient Regulation by Continuous Feeding Removes Limitations on Cell Yield in the Large-Scale Expansion of Mammalian Cell Spheroids

• Bradley P. Weegman,

  Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

  ⨯
• Peter Nash,

  Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

  ⨯
• Alexandra L. Carlson,

  Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

  ⨯
• Kristin J. Voltzke,

  Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

  ⨯
• Zhaohui Geng,

  Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

  ⨯
• Marjan Jahani,

  Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

  ⨯
• Benjamin B. Becker,

  Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

  ⨯
• Klearchos K. Papas,

  Affiliations Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

  ⨯
• Meri T. Firpo

  * E-mail: firpo001@umn.edu

  Affiliations Stem Cell Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America, Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

  ⨯