Challenges of Culturing Human Norovirus in Three-Dimensional Organoid Intestinal Cell Culture Models

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Efstathia Papafragkou,

Affiliations Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia United States of America, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Division of Molecular Biology, Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland, United States of America
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Joanne Hewitt,

Affiliation Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Kenepuru Science Centre, Porirua, New Zealand
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Geun Woo Park,

Affiliation Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia United States of America
⨯
Gail Greening,

Affiliation Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Kenepuru Science Centre, Porirua, New Zealand
⨯
Jan Vinjé

* E-mail: jvinje@cdc.gov

Affiliation Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia United States of America
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Norovirus
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Caco-2 cells
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Calicivirus infection
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Viral replication
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Cell cultures
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Cell differentiation
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Gastrointestinal tract
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Microvilli
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