Meconium Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters as Biomarkers of Late Gestational Ethanol Exposure and Indicator of Ethanol-Induced Multi-Organ Injury in Fetal Sheep

• Irene Zelner,

  Affiliations Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

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• Kelly Kenna,

  Affiliation Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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• James F. Brien,

  Affiliation Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

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• Alan Bocking,

  Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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• Richard Harding,

  Affiliation Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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• David Walker,

  Affiliation Ritchie Centre for Infant Health, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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• Gideon Koren

  * E-mail: gkoren@sickkids.ca

  Affiliations Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

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