Cross-Language Measurement Equivalence of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale in Systemic Sclerosis: A Comparison of Canadian and Dutch Patients

• Linda Kwakkenbos ,

  * E-mail: kwakkenbosL@gmail.com

  Affiliations Department of Rheumatology, Sint Maartenskliniek Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada

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• Erin Arthurs,

  Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada

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• Frank H. J. van den Hoogen,

  Affiliation Department of Rheumatology, Sint Maartenskliniek Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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• Marie Hudson,

  Affiliations Department of Medicine (Division of Rheumatology), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada

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• Wim G. J. M. van Lankveld,

  Affiliation Department of Rheumatology, Sint Maartenskliniek Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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• Murray Baron,

  Affiliations Department of Medicine (Division of Rheumatology), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada

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• Cornelia H. M. van den Ende,

  Affiliation Department of Rheumatology, Sint Maartenskliniek Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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• Brett D. Thombs,

  Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Department of Medicine (Division of Rheumatology), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada

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• for the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group

  ¶Members of the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group can be found in the acknowledgments.

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