Association between Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy and Clostridium difficile Infection: A Contemporary Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

• Imad M. Tleyjeh ,

  * E-mail: tleyjeh.imad@mayo.edu

  Affiliations Department of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, College of Medicine, AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

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• Aref A. Bin Abdulhak ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Aref A. Bin Abdulhak, Muhammad Riaz

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America

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• Muhammad Riaz ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Aref A. Bin Abdulhak, Muhammad Riaz

  Affiliation Research and Scientific Publication Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Faisal A. Alasmari,

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Musa A. Garbati,

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Mushabab AlGhamdi,

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Abdur Rahman Khan,

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America

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• Mohamad Al Tannir,

  Affiliation Research and Scientific Publication Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Patricia J. Erwin,

  Affiliation Mayo Medical Library, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

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• Talal Ibrahim,

  Affiliation Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation Doha, Qatar

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• Abed AlLehibi,

  Affiliation Department of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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• Larry M. Baddour,

  Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

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• Alex J. Sutton

  Affiliation Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, University of Leicester, Leicester, England

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