Air Bubble Contact with Endothelial Cells Causes a Calcium-Independent Loss in Mitochondrial Membrane Potential

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Peter Sobolewski,

Affiliation Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Judith Kandel,

Affiliation Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
⨯
David M. Eckmann

* E-mail: eckmanndm@uphs.upenn.edu

Affiliations Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Mitochondria
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Depolarization
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Calcium signaling
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Calcium antagonist therapy
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Calcium channels
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Endothelial cells
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Ruthenium
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Bubbles
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