Early Initiation of Smoking and Alcohol Drinking as a Predictor of Lower Forearm Bone Mineral Density in Late Adolescence: A Cohort Study in Girls

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Raquel Lucas ,

* E-mail: rlucas@med.up.pt

Affiliations Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal, Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
⨯
Sílvia Fraga,

Affiliations Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal, Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
⨯
Elisabete Ramos,

Affiliations Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal, Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
⨯
Henrique Barros

Affiliations Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal, Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Bone density
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Smoking habits
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Alcohol consumption
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Menarche
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Adolescents
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Bone and mineral metabolism
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Forearms
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Bone fracture
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