Regulation of Virulence Gene Expression Resulting from Streptococcus pneumoniae and Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Interactions in Chronic Disease

Emily K. Cope; Natalia Goldstein-Daruech; Jennifer M. Kofonow; Lanette Christensen; Bridget McDermott; Fernando Monroy; James N. Palmer; Alexander G. Chiu; Mark E. Shirtliff; Noam A. Cohen; Jeff G. Leid

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028523

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Regulation of Virulence Gene Expression Resulting from Streptococcus pneumoniae and Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Interactions in Chronic Disease

Emily K. Cope ,

* E-mail: Emily.Cope@nau.edu

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
⨯
Natalia Goldstein-Daruech,

Affiliation Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
⨯
Jennifer M. Kofonow,

Affiliation Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
⨯
Lanette Christensen,

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
⨯
Bridget McDermott,

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
⨯
Fernando Monroy,

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
⨯
James N. Palmer,

Affiliation Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
⨯
Alexander G. Chiu,

Affiliation Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
⨯
Mark E. Shirtliff,

Affiliation Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Dental School, University of Maryland–Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
⨯
Noam A. Cohen,

Affiliations Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Surgical Service, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
⨯
Jeff G. Leid

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
⨯

Regulation of Virulence Gene Expression Resulting from Streptococcus pneumoniae and Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Interactions in Chronic Disease

Emily K. Cope,
Natalia Goldstein-Daruech,
Jennifer M. Kofonow,
Lanette Christensen,
Bridget McDermott,
Fernando Monroy,
James N. Palmer,
Alexander G. Chiu,
Mark E. Shirtliff,
Noam A. Cohen

Published: December 5, 2011
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028523

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Pneumococcus
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Gene expression
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Virulence factors
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Bacterial biofilms
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Haemophilus influenzae
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Gene regulation
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Pili and fimbriae
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Ribosomal RNA
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