Enhanced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Responses following Toll-Like-Receptor Ligation in Schistosoma haematobium-Infected Schoolchildren from Rural Gabon

• Lynn Meurs ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Lynn Meurs, Lucja Labuda

  * E-mail: lemurs@itg.be

  Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

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• Lucja Labuda ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Lynn Meurs, Lucja Labuda

  Affiliations Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, Medical Research Unit, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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• Abena Serwaa Amoah ,

  ¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Accra, Ghana

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• Moustapha Mbow ,

  ¶These authors also contributed equally to this work.

  Affiliation Laboratory of Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal

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• Ulysse Ateba Ngoa,

  Affiliations Medical Research Unit, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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• Daniel Adjei Boakye,

  Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Accra, Ghana

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• Souleymane Mboup,

  Affiliation Laboratory of Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal

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• Tandakha Ndiaye Dièye,

  Affiliation Laboratory of Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal

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• Adrian P. Mountford,

  Affiliation Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom

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• Joseph D. Turner,

  Affiliation Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom

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• Peter Gottfried Kremsner,

  Affiliations Medical Research Unit, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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• Katja Polman,

  Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

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• Maria Yazdanbakhsh,

  Affiliation Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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• Ayola Akim Adegnika

  Affiliations Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, Medical Research Unit, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambaréné, Gabon, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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