Schistosome Infection Intensity Is Inversely Related to Auto-Reactive Antibody Levels

Francisca Mutapi; Natsuko Imai; Norman Nausch; Claire D. Bourke; Nadine Rujeni; Kate M. Mitchell; Nicholas Midzi; Mark E. J. Woolhouse; Rick M. Maizels; Takafira Mduluza

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019149

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Schistosome Infection Intensity Is Inversely Related to Auto-Reactive Antibody Levels

Francisca Mutapi ,

* E-mail: f.mutapi@ed.ac.uk

Affiliation Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
⨯
Natsuko Imai,

Affiliation Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
⨯
Norman Nausch,

Affiliation Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
⨯
Claire D. Bourke,

Affiliation Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
⨯
Nadine Rujeni,

Affiliation Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
⨯
Kate M. Mitchell,

Current address: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Affiliation Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
⨯
Nicholas Midzi,

Affiliation National Institute of Health Research, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
⨯
Mark E. J. Woolhouse,

Affiliation Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
⨯
Rick M. Maizels,

Affiliation Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
⨯
Takafira Mduluza

Current address: Botswana Harvard Aids Institute, Bontleng, Gaborone, Botswana

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe
⨯

Schistosome Infection Intensity Is Inversely Related to Auto-Reactive Antibody Levels

Francisca Mutapi,
Natsuko Imai,
Norman Nausch,
Claire D. Bourke,
Nadine Rujeni,
Kate M. Mitchell,
Nicholas Midzi,
Mark E. J. Woolhouse,
Rick M. Maizels,
Takafira Mduluza

Published: May 6, 2011
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019149

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