Decreased Th1-Type Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in the Skin Is Associated with Persisting Symptoms after Treatment of Erythema Migrans

Johanna Sjöwall; Linda Fryland; Marika Nordberg; Florence Sjögren; Ulf Garpmo; Christian Jansson; Sten-Anders Carlsson; Sven Bergström; Jan Ernerudh; Dag Nyman; Pia Forsberg; Christina Ekerfelt

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018220

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Decreased Th1-Type Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in the Skin Is Associated with Persisting Symptoms after Treatment of Erythema Migrans

Johanna Sjöwall ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Johanna Sjöwall, Linda Fryland

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden, Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
⨯
Linda Fryland ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Johanna Sjöwall, Linda Fryland

* E-mail: linda.fryland@liu.se

Affiliation Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
⨯
Marika Nordberg,

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden, The Åland Borrelia group, the Åland Islands, Finland
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Florence Sjögren,

Affiliation Division of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
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Ulf Garpmo,

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, Kalmar Hospital, Kalmar, Sweden
⨯
Christian Jansson,

Affiliation The Åland Borrelia group, the Åland Islands, Finland
⨯
Sten-Anders Carlsson,

Affiliation The Åland Borrelia group, the Åland Islands, Finland
⨯
Sven Bergström,

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
⨯
Jan Ernerudh,

Affiliation Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
⨯
Dag Nyman,

Affiliation The Åland Borrelia group, the Åland Islands, Finland
⨯
Pia Forsberg,

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
⨯
Christina Ekerfelt

Affiliation Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden
⨯

Decreased Th1-Type Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in the Skin Is Associated with Persisting Symptoms after Treatment of Erythema Migrans

Johanna Sjöwall,
Linda Fryland,
Marika Nordberg,
Florence Sjögren,
Ulf Garpmo,
Christian Jansson,
Sten-Anders Carlsson,
Sven Bergström,
Jan Ernerudh,
Dag Nyman

Published: March 31, 2011
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018220

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30 Mar 2013
11:30 GMT
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Knowing when to stop Posted by marc001 on 30 Mar 2013 at 11:30 GMT
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29 Mar 2013
21:18 GMT
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This is what happens.. Posted by marc001 on 29 Mar 2013 at 21:18 GMT

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