Cigarette Smoke-Related Hydroquinone Dysregulates MCP-1, VEGF and PEDF Expression in Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Vitro and in Vivo

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Marianne Pons,

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, Miller School of Medicine, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
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Maria E. Marin-Castaño

* E-mail: Mcastano@med.miami.edu

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, Miller School of Medicine, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
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Eyes
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Macular degeneration
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Angiogenesis
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Macrophages
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Oxidative stress
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Protein expression
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Smoking habits
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Pathogenesis
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