Thrombin Induces Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Release and Upregulation in Urothelium: A Possible Contribution to Bladder Inflammation

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Pedro L. Vera ,

* E-mail: pvera@health.usf.edu

Affiliations Research and Development, The Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida, United States of America, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
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Terra E. Wolfe,

Affiliation Research and Development, The Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida, United States of America
⨯
Alexander E. Braley,

Affiliation Research and Development, The Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida, United States of America
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Katherine L. Meyer-Siegler

Affiliations Research and Development, The Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida, United States of America, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
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Thrombin
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Bladder
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Immunostaining
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Urothelium
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Inflammation
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Enzyme-linked immunoassays
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Endotoxins
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Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
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