Critical Role of Toll-Like Receptor 9 in Morphine and Mycobacterium tuberculosis–Induced Apoptosis in Mice

• Lin Chen ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Lin Chen, Wanliang Shi, Hui Li

  Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Pharmacology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China

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• Wanliang Shi ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Lin Chen, Wanliang Shi, Hui Li

  Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

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• Hui Li ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Lin Chen, Wanliang Shi, Hui Li

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America

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• Xiuli Sun,

  Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China

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• Xionglin Fan,

  Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

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• Gene LeSage,

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America

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• Hui Li,

  Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

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• Yi Li,

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America

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• Yi Zhang,

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America

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• Xiumei Zhang ,

  * E-mail: yin@etsu.edu (DY); yzhang@jhsph.edu (YZ); zhangxiumei@yahoo.com (XZ)

  Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China

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• Ying Zhang ,

  * E-mail: yin@etsu.edu (DY); yzhang@jhsph.edu (YZ); zhangxiumei@yahoo.com (XZ)

  Affiliation Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

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• Deling Yin

  * E-mail: yin@etsu.edu (DY); yzhang@jhsph.edu (YZ); zhangxiumei@yahoo.com (XZ)

  Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States of America

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