About the Authors

Folahanmi Tomiwa Akinsolu

Contributed equally to this work with: Folahanmi Tomiwa Akinsolu, Olunike Rebecca Abodunrin, Adebola Oluyemisi Ehizele, Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi, Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Folahanmi.tomiwa@gmail.com

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria, Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Olunike Rebecca Abodunrin

Contributed equally to this work with: Folahanmi Tomiwa Akinsolu, Olunike Rebecca Abodunrin, Adebola Oluyemisi Ehizele, Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi, Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

Abel Chukwuemeka

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria

Mobolaji Timothy Olagunju

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

Ifeoluwa Eunice Adewole

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

‡ IEA, AOS, GUE, JL, and FO also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria

Abideen Olurotimi Salako

Roles Writing – review & editing

‡ IEA, AOS, GUE, JL, and FO also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria, Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria

George Uchenna Eleje

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ IEA, AOS, GUE, JL, and FO also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria, Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

Adebola Oluyemisi Ehizele

Contributed equally to this work with: Folahanmi Tomiwa Akinsolu, Olunike Rebecca Abodunrin, Adebola Oluyemisi Ehizele, Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi, Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

Joanne Lusher

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ IEA, AOS, GUE, JL, and FO also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Provost’s Group, Regent’s University London, London, United Kingdom

Foluso Owotade

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ IEA, AOS, GUE, JL, and FO also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi

Contributed equally to this work with: Folahanmi Tomiwa Akinsolu, Olunike Rebecca Abodunrin, Adebola Oluyemisi Ehizele, Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi, Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria, Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria

Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan

Contributed equally to this work with: Folahanmi Tomiwa Akinsolu, Olunike Rebecca Abodunrin, Adebola Oluyemisi Ehizele, Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi, Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Oral Health Initiative, Center for Reproduction and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria, Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.