About the Authors

Jinxin Chang

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China

Pengcheng Qu

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis

Affiliation Chinese Martial Arts Academy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing‌‌, China

Yindong Li

Roles Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

liyindong2025@126.com

Affiliation Chinese Martial Arts Academy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing‌‌, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.