About the Authors

Martha Thomas

Roles Writing – original draft

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Louisa Y. Herring

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

Melanie J. Davies

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Lucina Wilde

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Vicky Hall

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Laura J. Gray

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Division of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

Sharlene A. Greenwood

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Renal Medicine, King’s College Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom, Renal Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

Michelle Hadjiconstantinou

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Malak Hamza

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Andrew Harris

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Active Together, Leicestershire County Council, Glenfield, Leicester, United Kingdom

Jemma Hawkins

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, Wolfson Centre for Young People’s Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom

Kamlesh Khunti

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

Matthew Maddocks

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, Kings College London, England

Atulkumar Rajpara

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Alex Rowlands

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Priscilla Sarkar

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Avan A. Sayer

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation AGE Research Group, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University and Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, United Kingdom

Sam Seidu

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

Tom Yates

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Hannah M. L. Young

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

hy162@leicester.ac.uk

Affiliations NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom, Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Professor Melanie Davies has acted as a consultant/advisor and speaker for Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi, as a consultant/advisor for Kailera and has attended advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Biomea Fusion, Carmot/Roche, Daewoong Pharmaceutical, Sanofi, Zealand Pharma, Regeneron, GSK, Innovent Bio and EktaH and as a speaker for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim and Zuellig Pharma. She has received grants from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim and Novo Nordisk.