A highly accurate Hermite polynomial-based least-squares approach for solving fractional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations

Maha M. Hamood; Abdulrahman A. Sharif; Kirtiwant P. Ghadle

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0346080

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

A highly accurate Hermite polynomial-based least-squares approach for solving fractional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations

Maha M. Hamood ,

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

* E-mail: maha.mohammed@taiz.edu.ye

Affiliations Department of Mathematics, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen, Department of Mathematics, Hodeidah University, AL-Hudaydah, Yemen

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0657-2093

⨯
Abdulrahman A. Sharif,

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Mathematics, Hodeidah University, AL-Hudaydah, Yemen, Department of Mathematics, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
⨯
Kirtiwant P. Ghadle

Roles Supervision

Affiliation Department of Mathematics, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
⨯

A highly accurate Hermite polynomial-based least-squares approach for solving fractional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations

Maha M. Hamood,
Abdulrahman A. Sharif,
Kirtiwant P. Ghadle

Published: April 7, 2026
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0346080

About the Authors

Maha M. Hamood

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

* E-mail: maha.mohammed@taiz.edu.ye

Affiliations Department of Mathematics, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen, Department of Mathematics, Hodeidah University, AL-Hudaydah, Yemen

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0657-2093

Abdulrahman A. Sharif

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Mathematics, Hodeidah University, AL-Hudaydah, Yemen, Department of Mathematics, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Kirtiwant P. Ghadle

Roles Supervision

Affiliation Department of Mathematics, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Polynomials
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Integrals
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Convergent evolution
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Approximation methods
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Differential equations
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Kernel functions
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Algebraic equations
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Memory
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